Professional education
Enrollment in professional education has risen constantly in the recent years, translating into a shorter transit from classroom to the workplace.
At the beginning of 2019, a total of 193,252 students were enrolled in a form of professional education, an increase of 110.4% (representing 101,404 more students) compared to 2011. During the 2011-2019 period, the average annual growth rate was 9.74%.
Finally, smaller increases were observed regarding special post-secondary schools and special post-secondary schools – cycle 2.
At the end of 2018 school year, professional education was graduated by 52,491 students, registering a small decrease by 3.4% compared with the previous year (27,270 of them graduating post‐secondary school and 21,990 vocational schools – 2nd cycle).
Romania is also supporting the dual education system which allows students to get theoretical training and apply what they learn during paid apprenticeships within the companies enrolled in this program. Afterwards, they will work for these companies and thus, the gap between the market needs and available curricula is to be significantly narrowed. This initiative has been very popular in the manufacturing sector.
Students enrolled in professional education ('000 persons)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
Students graduated in professional education ('000 persons)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
University education
In tertiary education 543,299 students/course attendees were enrolled in the academic year 2018‐2019. The most attractive fields of study were: business, administration and law (24.1%), followed by engineering, processing and construction (20.4%) and health and social care (13.9%).
Students enrolled in tertiary education in academic year 2019-2020
By levels of education
Source: National Institute of Statistics
By field of education (Bachelor, Master, PhD)*
Source: National Institute of Statistics
*543 299 students
Bachelor's studies by field of education*
Source: National Institute of Statistics
*407 373 students
By region (persons)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
Number of degree graduates
In the academic year 2018‐2019, tertiary education degree graduates counted for 124,759 students. The most important graduated fields were: business, administration and law faculties (26.7%) followed by engineering, processing and construction (18.6%) and health and social care (11.2%).
Number of degree graduates at the end of the academic year 2018-2019
By levels of education
Source: National Institute of Statistics
By field of education (Bachelor, Master, PhD)*
Source: National Institute of Statistics
*124 759 graduates
Bachelor's studies by field of education*
Source: National Institute of Statistics
*83 210 graduates
Employee specialization by main economic sectors
62.7% of the Romanian employees are working in the services sector, followed by the industry sector with 26.6% of the total employees.
In the services sector, wholesale and retail trade, including the repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles represents 27.9% of the total, being the most important sub-sector.
Employees at 31 December 2019
By main economic activities ('000 persons)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
Spread by economic activities sectors (%)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
Spread in service sector (%)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
*3 437 571 employees
Spread in industry* (%)
Source: National Institute of Statistics
*1 455 690 employees